In Vietnam, due to the rainy conditions, a very large number of rivers and streams have been created, up to about 2,360 rivers and canals, large and small. Along the coast, about 23 km there is an estuary and according to statistics, there are 112 estuaries to the sea. The major rivers in Vietnam often originate from the outside, the midland and lowland parts flow in Vietnam. Most of the rivers in Vietnam flow in the direction of Northwest – Southeast and empty into the East Sea.
Dong Nai River is the longest inland river in Vietnam.
It is the longest inland river in Vietnam. Dong Nai River originates from Langbiang Plateau (Lam Dong) with a total length of 586km. With extremely large water flow, it is an abundant source of hydroelectricity for Dong Nai hydropower plant. Dong Nai River flows through the provinces of Lam Dong, Dak Nong, Binh Phuoc, Dong Nai, Binh Duong, Ho Chi Minh City with a length of over 437 km and a basin of 38,600 km². km and if calculated from the confluence with Da Nhim river below Pongour waterfall, it is 487 km long. Dong Nai River flows into the East Sea in the area of Can Gio district.
The main stream of Dong Nai river upstream is also called Da Dang river. The river originates from Lam Vien plateau, meanders along the direction of Northeast – Southwest, beyond the mountains to the plateau at Ta Lai (Tan Phu district, Dong Nai province). The river is the natural boundary between Dak R’Lap (Dak Nong) and Bao Lam – Cat Tien (Lam Dong), between Cat Tien and Bu Dang (Binh Phuoc) – Tan Phu, between Tan Phu and Da Teh.
After meeting the Be River, the Dong Nai River becomes a natural boundary between Dong Nai (Vinh Cuu) on the left bank – the east and Binh Duong (Tan Uyen) on the right bank – the west. To Uyen Hung ward, Tan Uyen town, Binh Duong province, the Dong Nai river flows in the North – South direction, embracing Tan Uyen and Cu Lao Pho islets. Cu Lao Pho on the Dong Nai River was the bustling development of the Minh Huong community before this land became the official administrative unit of Dang Trong in 1698.
Dong Nai River flows through Bien Hoa City, then along the boundary between Dong Nai (Long Thanh, Nhon Trach) and Ho Chi Minh City (District 9, District 2, District 7, Nha Be, Can Gio), between Ba Ria – Vung Tau (Phu My) and Ho Chi Minh City (Can Gio). The main stream of the Dong Nai River is downstream, the section from the confluence of the Saigon River to the distributary into Soai Rap and Long Tau, commonly known as Nha Be River. Ancient books called this river “Phuoc Binh”.
The main stream of the Da River flows into Vietnam at Mu Ca, Muong Te.
Da River, also known as Bo River or Da Giang, is the largest tributary of the Red River. The river is 910 km long (recorded 983 km), the basin area is 52,900 km². The main stream originates from Mount Wuliang, Yunnan province, China, flows in the northwest – southeast direction and then joins the Red River in Phu Tho. The river section in Vietnam is 527 km long (543 km in documents). The starting point is the Vietnam-China border in Muong Te district (Lai Chau). The river flows through the northwestern provinces of Vietnam, namely Lai Chau, Dien Bien, Son La, Hoa Binh, and Phu Tho (dividing Thanh Thuy and Phu Tho districts with Ba Vi, Hanoi). The end point is Hong Da junction, Tam Nong district, Phu Tho province.
The main stream of the Da River enters Vietnam at Mu Ca, Muong Te. The first part of the river in the territory of Vietnam, the Da River, also known as Nam Te, runs along the border and meets the Tieu Hac tributary in Mu Ca and Muong Te. The Tieu Hac tributary enters Vietnam in Ka Lang commune, Muong Te, flows along the border to the west and confluence with the main river Da at Mu Ca.
The Da River has a large flow of water, providing 31% of the water for the Red River and is a major source of hydroelectricity for Vietnam’s electricity industry. In 1994, Hoa Binh Hydropower Plant was inaugurated with a capacity of 1,920 MW with 8 units. In 2005, the Son La hydropower project started construction with a designed capacity of 2,400 MW. Lai Chau hydropower plant is under construction of 1,200 M. Started in 2011, expected to be completed in December 2016 at the upstream of this river. The basin has great resource potential with many rare and precious minerals, typical ecosystems including biological resources with high biodiversity.
The Red River has a very large average annual water volume.
The Red River has a total length of 1,149 km, originating in China, flowing through Vietnam and emptying into the East Sea. The section flowing over Vietnam is 510 km long. This is an important river of Vietnam’s wet rice culture. The first point of contact of the Red River with the territory of Vietnam is at A Mu Sung commune (Bat Xat district, Lao Cai province). In Lao Cai, the Red River is 73 m higher than sea level. To Yen Bai, 145 km from Lao Cai, the river is only 55 m high. Between those two provinces are 26 rapids and waterfalls, the water is fast flowing. Coming to Viet Tri, the river slope is not much, so the speed is slowed down. The Red River Delta is located downstream of this river.
The Red River has a very large average annual water volume, up to 2,640 m³/s (at the river mouth) with a total water volume of up to 83.5 billion m³, however, the water flow is unevenly distributed. In the dry season, the flow decreases to about 700 m³/s, but in the peak rainy season it can reach 30,000 m³/s.
Ma River mainly flows between mountainous and midland areas.
Ma River is a river of Vietnam and Laos with a length of 512 km, of which the part in Vietnam is 410 km long and the part in Laos is 102 km long. The basin of the Ma River is 28,400 km² wide, the part in Vietnam is 17,600 km² wide, the average height is 762 m, the average slope is 17.6%, the density of rivers and streams in the whole basin is 0.66 km/km². The average annual water flow is 121m³/s in Xa La and 341m³/s in Cam Thuy. Ma River mainly flows between mountainous and midland areas. Alluvium from the Ma River is the main source of the Thanh Hoa Delta, the third largest in Vietnam. The Ma River flows in a low-lying area between the two mountain ranges of Su Chong Chao Chai and Pu Sam Sao. The tributaries of the Ma River mostly originate from these two mountain ranges.
The Ma River begins with the confluence of streams in the Vietnam-Laos border area at Muong Loi commune south of Dien Bien district (south of Dien Bien province) 21°0′49″N 103°7′38″E. Pu Lau village north of Muong Loi commune is located on the mountain ridge, which is the watershed between Nam Nua flowing to the northwest and belonging to the Mekong river system, with Nam Ma flowing to the northeast is the headwater of Ma river, local name is Se stream. . The river flows to Dien Bien Dong area, along the way to receive water from a number of streams in Hang Liea, Dien Bien Dong.
The river returns to Vietnam at the border gate of Ten Tan, Muong Lat, Thanh Hoa. From here, the river flows through Muong Lat, Quan Hoa, in which a small section through Quan Hoa district is the boundary between Thanh Hoa and Hoa Binh provinces. The Ma river system has a total length of 881 km, a total basin area of 39,756 km², of which 17,520 km are located in the territory of Vietnam. The total average annual water volume of the entire river system is 19.52 billion m³.
Lam River is one of the two largest rivers in North Central Vietnam.
Lam River (other names: Ngan Ca, Song Ca, Nam Khan, Thanh Long Giang) is one of the two largest rivers in North Central Vietnam. The river originates from the Xiengkhuang Plateau, Laos. The part flowing in Laos is called Nam Khan. The main part of the river flows through Nghe An, the end of the Lam River joins with the La River from Ha Tinh, forming the boundary of Nghe An and Ha Tinh, which empties into the sea at Hoi estuary.
The total length of the river according to the Vietnam Encyclopedia is about 512 km, the section flowing inland of Vietnam is about 361 km. However, other sources say that this river has two main sources, if calculated according to the watershed from Nam Mon (from the Pu Loi range), the Lam River is 530 km long, if the headwaters are calculated from Nam Mo (Tran plateau). Ninh), the length of the river is 432 km. The catchment area of this river is 27,200 km², of which 17,730 km² belongs to Vietnam.
On the average of the whole river, Lam river is located at an altitude of 294 m and the average slope is 18.3%. The density of rivers and streams is 0.60 km/km². From the Vietnam-Laos border to Cua Rao, the river bed is steep with more than 100 rapids. From Cua Rao back down, small boats can travel on the river in the wet season. The total water volume of 21.90 km³ corresponds to an average annual discharge of 688 m³/s and an annual flow modulus of 25.3 l/s.km². The average annual discharge at Cua Rao is 236 m³/s, at Dua: 430 m³/s. The flood season from June to November is also the rainy season, contributing about 74-80% of the total water volume of the year.
The section of Lo River flowing in Vietnam has a length of 274km.
The Lo River is a primary tributary on the left bank of the Red River, flowing from China to the provinces of Ha Giang, Tuyen Quang and Phu Tho in Vietnam. The Lo river section in Vietnam has a length of 274 km (different books say from 264 km to 277 km), is one of the five longest rivers in the North of Vietnam (Hong, Da, Lo, Cau, Day). .
With a length of 156 km from Viet Tri junction to Tuyen Quang port, Tuyen Quang province, ships with a tonnage of 100 to 150 tons can operate in both seasons. From Tuyen Quang city to Ha Giang city, boats with small tonnage can participate in transportation in the rainy season.
The Mekong River originates in the Tibetan Plateau, China.
The Mekong River is one of the largest rivers in the world, originating from the Tibetan Plateau where it originates in Qinghai province, flowing through China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia and emptying into the East Sea in Vietnam. It ranks 12th in the world by length with 4,350km, and 10th in terms of water flow in the world. The average discharge is 13,200 m³/s, in the flood season it can be up to 30,000 m³/s. Its basin is about 795,000 km² (according to the data of the Mekong River Commission). This river originates from the high mountains of Qinghai province, crosses Tibet along the length of Yunnan province (China), passes through Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and Cambodia before entering Vietnam.
Starting from Phnom Penh, it divides into two branches: On the right is the Ba Thac River (called Hau Giang or Hau River in Vietnam) and on the left is the Mekong River (called Tien Giang or Tien River in Vietnam), both Both of them flow into the large delta in the South of Vietnam, about 220-250 km long each. In Vietnam, the Mekong River is also known as the Big River and the Cai River.
The World Wide Fund for Nature says scientists are looking for creatures such as Australian fish, catfish, giant stingrays, sharp-toothed sharks, large carp, carnivores in the Mekong River – the This fish can weigh more than 90 kg and over 1.80 meters long. In addition, the Mekong River also has rare species of fried fish and trout, not to mention giant carp and carp, fishing tourism is therefore very developed here.
The flow of Chay river is very complicated, the river bed is narrow, deep, steep slopes and many rapids.
Chay River is a river in Northern Vietnam, originating from the southwest slope of Tay Con Linh peak (2,419 m) and the northeast slope of Kieu Lien Ti peak (2402 m) on the massif upstream of Chay river, northwest of the province. Ha Giang, crosses Lao Cai and Yen Bai provinces and flows into the Lo River in Doan Hung, Phu Tho province with a length of 319km.
The flow of the river is very complicated, the river bed is narrow, deep, steep slopes and many rapids. In Ha Giang province, the river flows in the East – West direction through Vi Xuyen, Hoang Su Phi and Xin Man districts and then through Si Ma Cai district of Lao Cai province. On this section, about 5km of Chay river is the Vietnam – China border between Lao Cai province and Yunnan province, China.
Chay River is a beautiful natural landscape for those who like ecotourism. In the dry season, the deepest part of the river is only about 3m, you can take an iron boat, upstream to visit as much as you like. Scattered on both sides of the river are simple houses of the H’mong, Dao, and Day people… Occasionally, you can also meet floating bamboo rafts to exploit sand, far away is the road to Bac Ha like white lime streaks on the mountainside.