As long as people get married in this world, the need for diamonds will persist.
The diamond-forming process begins about 100 miles underground (about 160km) where high heat and pressure have crystallized carbon into rough diamonds. In the continents, diamonds begin to form at a depth of about 150km (90 miles), where there is a pressure of about 5 gigapascals and a temperature of about 1200 degrees Celsius (2200 degrees Fahrenheit). In the ocean, this process occurs in deeper areas because the temperature needs to be higher, so the pressure is also higher.
When a volcano erupts (potassium volcanic rock eruption pattern), diamonds are brought to the surface. The last time a volcano erupted in such a way happened about 100 million years ago, below is a picture of the potassium volcanic rock.
Geologists often use termites to find kimberlite pipes because termites when building their nests often dig up rocks and minerals, near that area often find diamonds. Kimberlite is present in the Earth’s crust, in vertical structures such as kimberlite tubes. Kimberlite tubes are the most important source of diamonds mined today.
To get to the diamond at the bottom of the kimberlite tube, one must exploit all the rock above, pit-mining begins. Open-pit mining is the most common practice in diamond mining. Heavy machinery, hydraulic excavators, trucks are used to extract diamonds from kimberlite pipes.
Open-pit mining is common when it is anticipated that diamonds will be near the surface or covered by a thin layer of sand and gravel.
In diamond mining, underground mining is the most complex . This mining method will be used based on the calculation of the nature, shape and size of the kimberlite stock.
Diamonds can also be mined from the seabed using marine mining methods (horizontal and vertical mining). The most successful enterprise in profiting from the seabed today is probably DeBeers , which accounts for 40% of the world diamond market. As one of the pioneers in the shift from land-based mining to deep-ocean mining, De Beers was also the first to develop a suitable technology for mining on its own. collect diamond ore at a depth of 150m below the water surface.
In horizontal mining, divers use seabed detectors to bring diamonds to the surface. In vertical mining, a large drill is used to search deeper and bring up sand and gravel suspected of having diamonds.
Finally, there is the mining of diamonds from alluvial and alluvial soils – diamonds are brought to that land by wind and water in rivers and streams after millions of years. Diamond mining in this area is similar to gold mining .
The first step in diamond production: shredding, crushing the ore.
The ore is then mixed with ferosilic chemicals to a certain concentration in a process known as DMS .
Because diamond is insoluble in water and has a high adhesion to all greases, the ore and diamond are passed through a grease belt or greased to allow the diamond to adhere. One can also use x-rays to detect diamonds.
Rough diamonds are measured and graded before being cut.
Rough diamonds are graded at DeBeer’s CSO for cutting or selection for industrial use.
There are thousands of different types of diamonds based on weight, color, and transparency.
Workers can use tweezers to pick up diamonds.
Rough diamonds are classified into grades for gem production, industrial use, and grade diamonds.
If using automatic classification machines, experts divide them into 5,000 categories.
Graded diamonds are then divided for cutting.
Diamonds are cut and sawed until they are perfect.
There are many tools for diamond crafting depending on the surface of the diamond.
A jeweler checks the diamond’s surface before cutting.
One must constantly check the diamond’s surface.
Diamonds are cut and polished differently, depending on the color of the diamond.
Each stone is examined under a microscope for transparency.
Upon completion of the production process, the diamonds will be sold to the jewelry market and traders.